Scapular dyskinesis is common in patients with shoulder injuries. Scapular dyskinesis is defined as observable alternations in scapular position and/or patterns of motion. These include abnormal scapula medial border and inferior angle prominence relative to thoracic cage in static position or dynamic motion, early scapula elevation or shrugging on arm elevation, as well as scapula excessive/rapid/non-smooth upward and downward rotation during arm elevation and lowering. Scapular dyskinesis has been reported in 68% to 100% of patients with shoulder injuries, including glenohumeral instability, rotator cuff abnormalities, labral tears, and impingement syndrome. In previous studies, there are several evaluation methods to assess scapular dyskinesis. Methods to assess scapular dyskinesis have been variable and include visual observation, corrective maneuvers, measurement of scapular displacement from the trunk, and the use of sophicated technology. The lateral scapular slide test was invented for use at static positions during arm elevation. A visual classification system used 3 types of dyskinesis or a normal (symmetrical) motion pattern. The scapular dyskinesis test can also be classified based on severity. Although high prevalence of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder injuries as well as proposed mechanisms documented by previous investigations, not every subject with scapular dyskinesis has related symptoms. Multiple causative factors of scapular dyskinesis may be the reasons like, abnormal posture, bony fractures or joint instabilities and arthrosis, alternation of muscle activation or coordination due to direct trauma, fatigue, inhibition by pain, contractures or tightness of soft tissues, inflexibility of pectoralis minor and biceps short head. Thus, assessment and rehabilitation of scapular dyskinesis should require addressing all of the causative factors that can create the dyskinesis and then restoring the balance of muscle forces that allow scapular position and motion. Causative factors can be grouped into: (1) neurological factors include long thoracic, spinal accessory and dorsal scapular nerve palsies, evaluated by appropriate muscle testing, typical scapular position and diagnostic electromyography studies; (2) joint derangement factors include labral injury, GH instability and A-C separations; (3) bone factors include clavicle and scapular fractures; (4) inflexibility factors include shoulder rotation tightness (GIRD and Total Range of Motion Deficit) and pectoralis minor inflexibility and  (5) muscular factors include lower trapezius and serratus anterior weakness, upper trapezius hyperactivity or scapular muscle detachment. The bone and joint internal derangement factors may require surgical repair before rehabilitation. They may have to be healed before restoration of muscle performance. Much more work is needed to be carried out to adequately understand the content and application of the various treatment options. This presentation provides clinicians the treatment strategies to directly aim interventions for improving scapular motions and shoulder function in subjects with scapular dyskinesis.