¡@¡@Hyperlipidemia, especially the elevation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is one of the most important causes for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). All epidemiological, drug interventional and genetic studies have shown that the ASCVD risk is directly and positively correlated with the LDL-C levels and the greater reduction of LDL-C, the lower the risk. Addition of non-statin therapy, including ezetimibe or anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibodies, to statin therapy provides a further reduction of ASCVD risk. Based on these scientific evidences, new guideline was produced recently and set an even lower LDL-C target for patients with ASCVD. This talk will make a brief overview of the scientific basis of new guideline and the lower LDL-C target.