Cervical cancer is the fourth common cancer among women worldwide, with an estimated 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths in 2018; yet nearly 90% of those deaths were in low- and middle-income countries. According to the Taiwan Cancer Registry, cervical cancer was the rank of 9th most common cancer among women in 2017, with 1,418 cases and 651 deaths. Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer. The effectiveness of cervical cancer screening has been well documented. On 19th May 2018, the Director-General of the WHO, Dr. Tedros Ghebreyesus, called for action towards the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem.
　　In Taiwan, the nationwide cervical cancer screening program was launched in 1995, which provided a Pap smear test for all women aged >=30 years annually and reimburse by the Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare. Those eligible women were encouraged to take a Pap test at least every 3 years. Any screened women affected with an AGC/HSIL or worse lesion is interviewed by public health nurses to check whether she has received treatment. After the nationwide cervical cancer screening program initiated, the age-standardized rate of invasive cervical cancer incidence and mortality for women aged 30 and more were declined, the reduction percentage from 1995 to 2016 was around 72% and 70%, respectively. In 2018, the triennial screening participation rate for women aged 30 and above was 50.5%. Around eighty-two percent of women had participated in screening, and women over age 69 had lower participation. More than eighty percent of screen-positive women who have received follow-up pap test, biopsy, or treatment. In order to keep women away from the risk of cervical cancer and to achieve the vision of eliminating cervical cancer, it is necessary to encourage women to participate in the screening and received treatment as needed.